含单位的文本文件如何读入matlab

Posion

现有文本文件data.txt，其格式如下

1.0m/s  2,5,6
2.0m/s  4,8
3.0m/s  6,4,8
……
读入文件后数组格式为：
1.0  2
1.0  5
1.0  6
2.0  4
2.0  8
3.0  6
3.0  4
3.0  8
......
谢谢！

牛小贱

用textscan读取文件，读完是cell格式，根据需要处理就行了。我最近几天比较忙，楼主可以先参考一下，我有时间再仔细看一下！！
相关资料链接：
matlab 中的textscan ；

使用文本文件(.txt)进行数据存取的技巧总结(相当的经典)

牛小贱

调用函数：

1. 
   
2. function data = importfile(filename, startRow, endRow)
   
3. %IMPORTFILE Import numeric data from a text file as a matrix.
   
4. %   DATA = IMPORTFILE(FILENAME) Reads data from text file FILENAME for the
   
5. %   default selection.
   
6. %
   
7. %   DATA = IMPORTFILE(FILENAME, STARTROW, ENDROW) Reads data from rows
   
8. %   STARTROW through ENDROW of text file FILENAME.
   
9. %
   
10. % Example:
    
11. %   data = importfile('data.txt', 1, 3);
    
12. %
    
13. %    See also TEXTSCAN.
    
14. 
    
15. % Auto-generated by MATLAB on 2014/04/22 17:04:05
    
16. 
    
17. %% Initialize variables.
    
18. delimiter = ' ';
    
19. if nargin<=2
    
20.     startRow = 1;
    
21.     endRow = inf;
    
22. end
    
23. 
    
24. %% Read columns of data as strings:
    
25. % For more information, see the TEXTSCAN documentation.
    
26. formatSpec = '%s%s%s%s%[^\n\r]';
    
27. 
    
28. %% Open the text file.
    
29. fileID = fopen(filename,'r');
    
30. 
    
31. %% Read columns of data according to format string.
    
32. % This call is based on the structure of the file used to generate this
    
33. % code. If an error occurs for a different file, try regenerating the code
    
34. % from the Import Tool.
    
35. dataArray = textscan(fileID, formatSpec, endRow(1)-startRow(1)+1, 'Delimiter', delimiter, 'MultipleDelimsAsOne', true, 'HeaderLines', startRow(1)-1, 'ReturnOnError', false);
    
36. for block=2:length(startRow)
    
37.     frewind(fileID);
    
38.     dataArrayBlock = textscan(fileID, formatSpec, endRow(block)-startRow(block)+1, 'Delimiter', delimiter, 'MultipleDelimsAsOne', true, 'HeaderLines', startRow(block)-1, 'ReturnOnError', false);
    
39.     for col=1:length(dataArray)
    
40.         dataArray{col} = [dataArray{col};dataArrayBlock{col}];
    
41.     end
    
42. end
    
43. 
    
44. %% Close the text file.
    
45. fclose(fileID);
    
46. 
    
47. %% Convert the contents of columns containing numeric strings to numbers.
    
48. % Replace non-numeric strings with NaN.
    
49. raw = repmat({''},length(dataArray{1}),length(dataArray)-1);
    
50. for col=1:length(dataArray)-1
    
51.     raw(1:length(dataArray{col}),col) = dataArray{col};
    
52. end
    
53. numericData = NaN(size(dataArray{1},1),size(dataArray,2));
    
54. 
    
55. for col=[1,2,3,4]
    
56.     % Converts strings in the input cell array to numbers. Replaced non-numeric
    
57.     % strings with NaN.
    
58.     rawData = dataArray{col};
    
59.     for row=1:size(rawData, 1);
    
60.         % Create a regular expression to detect and remove non-numeric prefixes and
    
61.         % suffixes.
    
62.         regexstr = '(?<prefix>.*?)(?<numbers>([-]*(\d+[\,]*)+[\.]{0,1}\d*[eEdD]{0,1}[-+]*\d*[i]{0,1})|([-]*(\d+[\,]*)*[\.]{1,1}\d+[eEdD]{0,1}[-+]*\d*[i]{0,1}))(?<suffix>.*)';
    
63.         try
    
64.             result = regexp(rawData{row}, regexstr, 'names');
    
65.             numbers = result.numbers;
    
66.             
    
67.             % Detected commas in non-thousand locations.
    
68.             invalidThousandsSeparator = false;
    
69.             if any(numbers==',');
    
70.                 thousandsRegExp = '^\d+?(\,\d{3})*\.{0,1}\d*';
    
71.                 if isempty(regexp(thousandsRegExp, ',', 'once'));
    
72.                     numbers = NaN;
    
73.                     invalidThousandsSeparator = true;
    
74.                 end
    
75.             end
    
76.             % Convert numeric strings to numbers.
    
77.             if ~invalidThousandsSeparator;
    
78.                 numbers = textscan(strrep(numbers, ',', ''), '%f');
    
79.                 numericData(row, col) = numbers{1};
    
80.                 raw{row, col} = numbers{1};
    
81.             end
    
82.         catch me
    
83.         end
    
84.     end
    
85. end
    
86. 
    
87. 
    
88. %% Replace non-numeric cells with NaN
    
89. R = cellfun(@(x) ~isnumeric(x) && ~islogical(x),raw); % Find non-numeric cells
    
90. raw(R) = {NaN}; % Replace non-numeric cells
    
91. 
    
92. %% Create output variable
    
93. data = cell2mat(raw);
    

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主程序：

1. a= blkproc(importfile('data.txt', 1, 4), [1 1], @(x)repmat(x, 3, 1));
   
2. b=a(:,1);m=a(:,2:4);c=diag(m(1:3,:));d=diag(m(4:6,:));e=diag(m(7:9,:));
   
3. f=[c; d; e];
   
4. M=[b f]

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结果：
PS：这个程序有点复杂，而且结果也不是很理想。希望对楼主有所帮助！！